生物燃料
环境科学
生命周期评估
生物量(生态学)
生产力
持续性
富营养化
温室气体
藻类生质燃料
全球变暖
自然资源经济学
气候变化
生态学
生产(经济)
营养物
生物柴油
生物
经济
生物化学
宏观经济学
催化作用
作者
David Quiroz,Jonah M. Greene,Braden J. Limb,Jason C. Quinn
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.3c02892
摘要
Techno-economic analyses (TEAs) and life cycle assessments (LCAs) of algal biofuels often focus on locations in suboptimal latitudes for algal cultivation, which can under-represent the sustainability potential of the technology. This study identifies the optimal global productivity potential, environmental impacts, and economic viability of algal biofuels by using validated biophysical and sustainability modeling. The biophysical model simulates growth rates of Scenedesmus obliquusbased on temperature, photoinhibition, and respiration effects at 6685 global locations. Region-specific labor costs, construction factors, and tax rates allow for spatially resolved TEA, while the LCA includes regional impacts of electricity, hydrogen, and nutrient markets across ten environmental categories. The analysis identifies optimal locations for algal biofuel production in terms of environmental impacts and economic viability which are shown to follow biomass yields. Modeling results highlight the global variability of productivity with maximum yields ranging between 24.8 and 27.5 g m-2 d-1 in equatorial regions. Environmental impact results show favorable locations tracked with low-carbon electricity grids, with the well-to-wheels global warming potential (GWP) ranging from 31 to 45 g CO2eq MJ-1 in South America and Central Africa. When including direct land use change impacts, the GWP ranged between 44 and 55 g CO2eq MJ-1 in these high-productivity regions. Low-carbon electricity also favors air quality and eutrophication impacts. The TEA shows that minimum algal fuel prices of $1.89-$2.15 per liter of gasoline-equivalent are possible in southeast Asia and Venezuela. This discussion focuses on the challenges and opportunities to reduce fuel prices and the environmental impacts of algal biofuels in various global regions.
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