Probiotics Bi‐Enzymatic Cascade Repair System for Editing the Inflammatory Microenvironment to Boost Probiotic Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Inflammatory bowel disease presents significant treatment challenges owing to its complex pathology. Although probiotics have shown promise as a therapeutic option, their effectiveness is often limited by low concentrations at sites of inflammation, exacerbated by excessive reactive oxygen species and inflammatory triggers. To address this, an innovative cascade repair system is developed to enhance probiotic therapeutic impact by modulating the intestinal microenvironment. This system uses iMXene's catalytic properties to neutralize reactive oxygen species in the gut and its capacity to deliver the CRISPR/dCas9 gene editing system to activate the NLR family pyrin domain containing 12 genes, helping suppress inflammation. By promoting the colonization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, the system inhibits inflammation pathways and supports the restoration of a balanced intestinal flora through a cascade repair mechanism. These findings demonstrate significant therapeutic benefits in experimental models, with improvements in the overall well-being of treated mice and effective repair of intestinal inflammation damage. This pioneering approach holds promise for inflammatory bowel disease treatment and opens new avenues for managing other inflammatory conditions, offering valuable insights and guidance for future research into inflammatory diseases.