A Review on Conducting Materials in CdTe Photovoltaic Cells

The escalating global energy demand and the finite nature of fossil fuels necessitate the development of reliable, sustainable, and renewable energy sources. This need might be satisfied by solar energy, which is a plentiful and clean resource. Particularly, cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells have attracted a great deal of interest because of their low production costs and high-power conversion efficiency of 22.1%. The performance of CdTe PV cells largely depends on the choice of conducting and semiconducting materials used in the different layers of the cell. The purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive examination of the conducting materials used in CdTe PV cells, emphasizing their benefits, drawbacks, and possible uses. The study also addresses the advancement of the CdTe thin films, present challenges, and potential paths forward in the creation of higher efficiency CdTe photovoltaic cells, which have the potential to play a major role in the world's shift to renewable energy.