医学
心脏病学
内科学
射血分数
心室
心力衰竭
反流(循环)
心室重构
功能性二尖瓣反流
二尖瓣反流
作者
Valeria Cammalleri,Giorgio Antonelli,Valeria Maria De Luca,Myriam Carpenito,Annunziata Nusca,Maria Caterina Bono,Simona Mega,Gian Paolo Ussia,Francesco Grigioni
摘要
Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) and tricuspid regurgitation (FTR) occur due to cardiac remodeling in the presence of structurally normal valve apparatus. Two main mechanisms are involved, distinguishing an atrial functional form (when annulus dilatation is predominant) and a ventricular form (when ventricular remodeling and dysfunction predominate). Both affect the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF) across the entire spectrum of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), including preserved (HFpEF), mildly reduced (HFmrEF), or reduced (HFrEF). Currently, data on the management of functional valve regurgitation in the various HF phenotypes are limited. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of FMR and FTR within the different patterns of HF, as defined by LVEF.
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