Traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer metastasis by regulating tumor-associated macrophages: a narrative review

TCM represents a promising strategy for suppressing lung cancer metastasis by targeting TAMs and restoring immune homeostasis. Future research should focus on the standardization of TCM formulations, mechanistic elucidation, and translational validation in clinical settings. Integrating TCM with contemporary immunotherapies may yield synergistic benefits and advance precision oncology for metastatic lung cancer.