Review—Phase Field Simulation for Dendrite Growth in Energy Storage Batteries

Abstract The phase-field method is an effective numerical simulation approach capable of accurately describing the dynamic process of dendrite growth in energy storage batteries. This paper first introduces the basic phase field theory framework, emphasizing the effects of ion distribution, applied electric field, solid electrolyte interphase, temperature, stress, and anisotropy on dendrite growth by incorporating different field variables and energy terms. Subsequently, the applications of phase-field models in various areas regarding to dendrite growth are presented, such as electrode structure optimization, dead lithium analysis and dendrite simulation in different electrode materials. Furthermore, this paper reviews the research progress achieved by experiments about dendrite to validate the correctness of phase-field simulations. Finally, the future research directions regarding phase-field models in dendrite growth studies are discussed.