Long-term aerobic exercise enhances circulating exosomal miR-214-3p to promote endothelial progenitor cell-mediated repair of endothelial damage induced by obesity

Long-term aerobic exercise promotes endothelial repair in obesity by enriching circulating exosomes with miR-214-3p, which enhances EPC function via the PTEN-PI3K-Akt pathway and direct regulation of COL1A2. These findings reveal a novel exosome-mediated mechanism through which exercise improves vascular health and suggest potential therapeutic strategies for obesity-related endothelial dysfunction.