In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of early onset scoliosis (EOS) and to improve the quality of care in dealing with the spectrum of multidisciplinary diseases, the EOS treatment guideline task force from the Chinese Association of Orthopedic Surgeons compiled this guideline. The guideline is based on epidemiological data, evidence-based literature and clinical studies, combined with recent technological advances globally. The task force have discussed and reviewed together, revised constantly and finally finalized this paper. Hopefully, the guideline will be refined in clinical practice to further improve the diagnosis and treatment of EOS in China.