Financial capability and households’ financial vulnerability: evidence for the Spanish case

Purpose The present study examines the potential relationship between financial capability and household financial vulnerability for a sample of Spanish individuals. Design/methodology/approach The methodology combines a literature review deepening on the two concepts addressed in this paper – financial vulnerability and financial capability – and an empirical analysis. Based on a sample of 7,811 Spanish individuals taken from the Survey of Financial Competences , different probit regression models are used to test the relationship of key independent variables (namely, financial literacy, financial inclusion, and financial capability) with household financial vulnerability. Findings Empirical evidence points to the existence of a negative relationship between financial capability and household financial vulnerability. Besides, the variable on financial capability demonstrates, per se , a greater explanatory power than its two components (i.e. objective financial literacy and financial inclusion) separately, particularly in the case of financial literacy. Originality/value This paper contributes to the research on household finances along three main dimensions. Firstly, it enhances the research on financial capability by analysing how it relates to consumers' financial vulnerability; an association barely explored by the extant literature. Secondly, it gets closer to the multifaceted concept of financial vulnerability through a wide set of objective and subjective proxy variables. And thirdly, the empirical evidence found leads to proposing some recommendations aimed at improving households' financial capability.