A closely packed Pt1.5Ni1−x/Ni–N–C hybrid for relay catalysis towards oxygen reduction

A closely packed hybrid electrocatalyst Pt 1.5 Ni 1− x /Ni–N–C was engineered by a gas-promoted dealloying process, ensuring the relay catalysis of the reaction intermediates at Pt alloy and Ni single sites, thus achieving high performance in PEMFCs.