Ground Plane Effects on the Performance of a Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna: A Study

With the change in the size of ground, the current distribution on the ground varies which in turn affects the impedance and radiation properties of the patch antenna. This paper presents the parametric study of the ground plane size on a small coaxial probe fed rectangular microstrip antenna at 2.4 GHz. The design and simulation of the microstrip antenna has been done using CST Microwave Studio simulator. The effects of ground plane size on directivity, return loss, radiation pattern, gain and radiation efficiency of patch antenna were investigated for the optimal antenna performance and same are presented here.