Pectic oligosaccharides reshape the gut microbiota-mediated intestinal vitamin B 7 metabolic network to alleviate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

vitamin B7 biosynthesis. Importantly, leveraging serum metabolomics from an external human MASLD cohort, we confirmed a severe systemic deficiency of VB7 and its precursors that strongly correlated with fasting glucose, insulin resistance, and hepatic injury. In summary, this study identified POS as an effective intervention to alleviate MASLD by restoring intestinal endogenous VB7 supply, providing a strong rationale for developing POS as a therapeutic prebiotic.