Ectopic expression of glycosyltransferase UGT76E11 increases flavonoid accumulation and enhances abiotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

Although plant glycosyltransferases are thought to play important roles in growth and interaction with the environment, little is known about their physiological roles for most members of the plant glycosyltransferase family. We cloned and characterised an Arabidopsis glycosyltransferase gene, UGT76E11. Its in vivo physiological effects on flavonoid accumulation and plant tolerance to abiotic stresses were investigated. The UGT76E11 gene was up-regulated in transcription expression under stress conditions of salinity, drought and H2 O2 treatment. Transgenic plants ectopically overexpressing UGT76E11 showed substantially enhanced tolerance to salinity and drought at germination and during post-germination growth. Enzyme activity of UGT76E11 to glucosylate quercetin and other flavonoids was confirmed. Ectopic expression of UGT76E11 resulted in significantly increased flavonoid content in transgenic plants compared to wild type, suggesting a contribution of UGT76E11 to modulation of flavonoid metabolism. Consistent with this result, several biosynthesis genes in the flavonoid pathway were clearly up-regulated in transgenic plants. Furthermore, overexpression of UGT76E11 also enhanced the scavenging capacity for ROS and increased expression levels of a number of stress-related genes. Based on these results, we suggest that the glycosyltransferase UGT76E11 plays an important role in modulating flavonoid metabolism and enhancing plant adaptation to environmental stresses. Our findings might allow use of glycosyltransferase UGT76E11 in crop improvement, towards both enhanced stress tolerance and increased flavonoid accumulation.