Can Artificial Intelligence Surpass Human Intelligence

More than half a century, although artificial intelligence research seems to develop rapidly, the criticisms never disappear. In this essay, I will discuss a question concerning the foundation of artificial intelligence(AI). The question is AI surpass human intelligence at all? Based on collective personal identity, I will successively argue for the three arguments related to the question. Firstly, the question is actually a philosophical question, so it cannot be addressed in the framework of empirical science. Secondly, we cannot give any cognitively meaningful answer to the question.Finally, if any answer is cognitively meaningless, then we have reason to believe that it is impossible to produce any intelligent machine which can approach the human level.