Foot Orthoses and Footwear for the Management of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Randomized Trial

A full-scale RCT for PF OA is feasible with modifications to eligibility criteria. However, our observed small between-group effect sizes, combined with moderate-to-large within-group responses for both interventions, indicate that a full-scale trial is unlikely to find clinically meaningful differences. Secondary outcomes suggest that both interventions can be recommended for individuals with PF OA.