Clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations

BP blood pressure CHD coronary heart disease CO 2 carbon dioxide COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease CPX cardiopulmonary exercise testing CRF cardiorespiratory fitness CV cardiovascular ECG electrocardiogram EIB exercise-induced bronchospasm EOV exercise oscillatory ventilation ET exercise testing FEV 1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s HCM hypertrophic cardiomyopathy HF heart failure HF-PEF heart failure-preserved ejection fraction HR heart rate HRR heart rate recovery ILD interstitial lung disease LVH left ventricular hypertrophy MVV maximal voluntary ventilation O 2 oxygen PAH pulmonary arterial hypertension PEF peak expiratory flow P ET CO 2 partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide PH pulmonary hypertension Q cardiac output RER respiratory exchange ratio