This paper introduced the structure of polyaniline,and three methods for synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline.And the paper summarized the research advances of polyaniline in the field of anticorrosion coatings,and it expatiated the anticorrosive mechanism of polyaniline and application of polyaniline anticorrosive coat.We had expected foreground about polyaniline,and we think that the synthesis of water-soluble polyaniline and the analysis of corrosion theory need to be further studied.