Objective To observe the efficacy and mechanism of the hemoperfusion-hemodialysis in treating uremic perpheral neuropathy.Methods Thirty-six patients with uremic peripheral neuropathy were assigned randomly to hemoperfusion-hemodialysis group,hemodialysis group.Patients of hemoperfusion-hemodialysis group received regular hemodialysis twice a week and hemoperfusion-hemodialysis once a week.The hemodialysis group received regular hemodialysis thrice a week.The clinical symptoms,PTH,the nerve reflex and the sensory conduction velocity(scv)of median nerve,tibial nerve and lateral popliteal nerve were observed in each group before,and 2 months cost treatment respectively.Results After treatment,the clinical symptoms,PTH,the nerve reflex and the scv showed no improvement in the hemodialysis group,but significantly improvement in the hemoperfusion-hemodialysis group(P0.05).Conclusion Hemodiafiltration are effective for patients with uremic peripheral heuropathy.