医学
体质指数
危险系数
人口
2型糖尿病
比例危险模型
队列研究
2型糖尿病
糖尿病
前瞻性队列研究
内科学
置信区间
队列
人口学
内分泌学
环境卫生
社会学
作者
Kalina Rajaobelina,C. Dow,Francesca Romana Mancini,Laureen Dartois,Marie‐Christine Boutron‐Ruault,Beverley Balkau,Fabrice Bonnet,Guy Fagherazzi
标识
DOI:10.1111/1753-0407.12839
摘要
Although many type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk factors have been identified, little is known regarding their contributions to the diabetes burden at the population level.The study included 72 655 French women from the Etude Epidemiologique de Femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (E3N) prospective cohort followed between 1993 and 2011. Cox multivariable models including the main T2DM risk factors (metabolic, dietary, clinical, socioeconomic and hormonal) and a healthy lifestyle index combining five characteristics (smoking, body mass index [BMI], alcohol consumption, fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity) were used to estimate hazard ratios and population attributable fractions (PAFs) for T2DM.In multivariate models, factors with the strongest effect on T2DM risk were, in decreasing order, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 (PAF = 43%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 37-47), high adherence to a Western dietary pattern (PAF = 30%; 95% CI 20-40), hypertension (PAF = 26%; 95% CI 20-32), an acidogenic diet (PAF = 24%; 95% CI 16-32), a family history of diabetes (PAF = 20%; 95% CI 17-22), and, with a negative correlation, moderate alcohol consumption (PAF-19%; 95% CI -34, -4). The PAF for an unhealthy lifestyle was 57% (95% CI 50-63).We have been able to sort out and quantify the effect of various dietary and biological T2DM risk factors simultaneously in a single population, and to highlight the importance of a healthy lifestyle for primary prevention: more than half the T2DM cases could have been prevented through a healthier lifestyle.
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