石墨烯
石墨
扩增子测序
生态系统
氧化石墨
环境化学
细菌
α多样性
微生物
土壤微生物学
生物
碳纤维
土壤水分
食品科学
化学
生态学
环境科学
16S核糖体RNA
生物多样性
材料科学
纳米技术
有机化学
复合数
复合材料
遗传学
作者
Christian Forstner,Thomas G. Orton,Adam Skarshewski,Peng Wang,Peter M. Kopittke,Paul G. Dennis
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.360
摘要
Graphene oxide (GO) is an oxidized form of graphene that is relatively cheap and easy to produce. This has heralded its widespread use in a range of industries, with its likelihood of release into the environment increasing accordingly. In pure culture, GO has been shown to influence bacteria and fungi, but its effects on environmental microbial communities remain poorly characterized, despite the important ecosystem services that these organisms underpin. Here, we characterized the effects of GO and graphite, over time (7, 14 and 30 days) and at three concentrations (1 ng, 1 μg and 1 mg kg dry soil-1), on soil bacterial and fungal diversity using 16S rRNA and ITS2 gene amplicon sequencing. Graphite was included as a reference material as it is widely distributed in the environment. Neither GO or graphite had significant effects on the alpha diversity of microbial communities. The composition of bacterial and fungal communities, however, was significantly influenced by both materials at all doses. With the exception of the lowest GO dose on day 14, these effects were apparent for all treatments over the course of the experiment. Nonetheless, the effects of GO and graphite were of similar magnitude, albeit with some differences in the taxa affected.
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