Biomechanics of overground versus treadmill running

The biomechanics of overground and treadmill running were compared using cinematographic methods. Sixteen experienced runners were filmed while running at three speeds and on three slopes over both surfaces. Temporal factors and vertical and horizontal velocities of the center of gravity were investigated. Treadmill running was characterized by longer periods of support, lower vertical velocity, and less variable vertical and horizontal velocities than for overground running. It is concluded that performance on the treadmill produces significant changes in the biomechanics of running.