胰岛素
氧化应激
活性氧
激素
转录因子
胰岛素受体
内分泌学
抗氧化剂
内科学
葡萄糖稳态
生物
碳水化合物代谢
化学
细胞生物学
胰岛素抵抗
生物化学
医学
基因
作者
Xin Wang,Ling Tao,Chun X. Hai
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.mce.2011.08.019
摘要
It is well-known that insulin acts as an important hormone, controlling energy metabolism, cellular proliferation and biosynthesis of functional molecules to maintain a biological homeostasis. Over the past few years, intensive insulin therapy has been believed to be benefit for the outcome of diabetic patients, in which the suppression of oxidative stress plays a role. Moreover, insulin is accepted as a key component of glucose–insulin–potassium, a treatment which has been believed to exert significant cardiovascular protective effect via the reduction of oxidative stress. Furthermore, accumulating evidence has suggested that insulin exerts important redox-regulating actions in various insulin-sensitive target organs, implying the systematic antioxidative role of insulin as a hormone. It is time for us to revisit insulin effects, through summarizing and evaluating the novel functions of insulin and their mechanisms. This review focuses on the antioxidative effect of insulin and highlights insulin-induced regulation of various antioxidant enzymes via insulin signaling pathways and the cross talk between key transcription factors, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) which are responsible for the transcription of antioxidant enzymes, leading to reduced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the enhancement of the elimination of ROS.
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