FOXP3型
白细胞介素2受体
调节性T细胞
免疫学
细胞生物学
免疫系统
体内
生物
T细胞
生物技术
作者
Antonella Carambia,Barbara Freund,Dorothee Schwinge,Markus Heine,Alena Laschtowitz,Samuel Huber,David C. Wraith,Thomas Korn,Christoph Schramm,Ansgar W. Lohse,Joerg Heeren,Johannes Herkel
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2014.04.027
摘要
CD4(+) CD25(+) Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a profound ability to control immune responses. We have previously shown that the liver is a major source of peripherally induced Tregs. Here, we investigate the liver cell types and molecular mechanisms responsible for hepatic Treg induction.To assess the Treg-inducing potential of liver resident antigen-presenting cell types, we studied the conversion of Foxp3(-) non-Tregs into Foxp3(+) Tregs induced by liver dendritic cells (DCs), liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), or Kupffer cells (KCs). The dependency of Treg induction on TGF-β was tested in Treg conversion assays using T cells with reduced TGF-β sensitivity. The suppressive potential of liver cell-induced Tregs was assessed by an in vitro suppression assay and in vivo, in the model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).All tested liver cell types were capable of inducing Foxp3(+) Tregs; however, LSECs were most efficient in inducing Tregs. Treg-induction was antigen-specific and depended on TGF-β. LSECs featured membrane-bound LAP/TGF-β and the anchor molecule GARP, which is required for tethering LAP/TGF-β to the cell membrane. LSEC-induced Tregs suppressed proliferation and cytokine secretion of effector T cells in vitro. LSEC-induced Tregs were also functional suppressors in vivo, as neuroantigen-specific Tregs induced by LSECs were able to suppress EAE.We demonstrate that LSECs are the major liver cell type responsible for TGF-β dependent hepatic Treg induction. The extraordinary capacity of LSECs to induce Tregs was associated with their unique ability to tether TGF-β to their membrane.
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