56Gb/s PAM4 and NRZ SerDes transceivers in 40nm CMOS

This paper presents 56Gb/s PAM4 and NRZ SerDes transceivers (TRXs), designed and fabricated in advance CMOS technology. Incorporating broadband techniques, noise suppression skills, and clock extraction circuits, this work demonstrates feasibility of 56Gb/s SerDes and compares tradeoffs between the two data format.