This chapter contains sections titled: Self-Assembly. Self-Organization Programmed Supramolecular Systems Self-Assembly of Inorganic Architectures Self-Assembly of Double-Helical and Triple-Helical Metal Complexes: The Helicates Multicomponent Self-Assembly Supramolecular Arrays of Metal Ions. Racks, Ladders, Grids Self-Assembly of Organic Supramolecular Structures Self-Assembly by Hydrogen-Bonding. Janus Molecules Molecular Recognition-Directed Assembly of Organized Phases Supramolecular Polymer Chemistry Molecular Recognition-Directed Self-Assembly of Ordered Solid-State Structures Physico-Chemical Methods of Investigation Self-Recognition. Instructed System Paradigm Supramolecular Synthesis, Assistance and Replication Supramolecular Synthesis Supramolecular Assistance to Synthesis Replication. Self-Replication Supramolecular Chirality and Self-Assembly Supramolecular Materials. Nanochemistry Chemionics