In utero per – and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and changes in infant T helper cell development among UPSIDE-ECHO cohort participants.

Maternal PFAS exposures correlate with cell-specific changes in the infant T-cell compartment, including key CD4+ T-cell subpopulations that play central roles in coordinating well-regulated, protective immunity. Future studies into the role of PFAS-associated T-cell distribution and risk of adverse immune-related health outcomes in children are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP16726.