Risk of acute renal failure associated with combined use of SGLT2 inhibitors and potentially nephrotoxic drugs: an epidemiological surveillance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS)

BACKGROUND: Limited knowledge exists regarding nephrotoxic risks associated with the combination of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and potentially nephrotoxic drugs. This study evaluates acute renal failure (ARF) events linked to such combinations using data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). METHODS: Signal mining was performed by estimating reporting odds ratios (ROR), with validation through additive, multiplicative, and proportional reporting ratio (PRR) models. Logistic regression assessed mortality risk factors. RESULTS: = 0.043). CONCLUSION: This study confirms prior evidence of ARF associated with the combined use of SGLT2i with diuretics or NSAIDs and identifies new risks with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), antigout medications, and anticoagulants. Male gender was a significant risk factor.