生物炭
化学
废水
吸附
三聚氰胺
分子印迹聚合物
全氟辛酸
聚合
丙烯酸
生物净化
核化学
单体
有机化学
选择性
聚合物
热解
废物管理
催化作用
原材料
工程类
生物炼制
作者
Jessica M. Steigerwald,Shawnie Peng,Jessica R. Ray
出处
期刊:ACS ES&T engineering
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2023-01-30
卷期号:3 (4): 520-532
被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsestengg.2c00336
摘要
Wastewater is an important source of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) to environmental waters. PFAAs are poorly removed during conventional wastewater treatment and only moderately removed by non-selective adsorbents [e.g., activated carbon (AC)]. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) enable selective adsorption of trace organics (e.g., PFAAs) by templating polymerization with a target compound; however, MIP morphology limits use for wastewater treatment. To overcome this obstacle, a perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS)-templated MIP was immobilized on spent coffee grounds biochar─an eco-friendly AC alternative─via radical initiated polymerization. Vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) and/or 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid served as functional monomers for MIP synthesis. First, biochar surfaces were functionalized with −NH MIP attachment points via (i) electrophilic aromatic substitution followed by reduction or (ii) heat-catalyzed addition of melamine. Melamine-modified biochar functionalized with VBTAC-MIP (BC-M@MIP-V) demonstrated high PFOS selectivity (Kselectivity of 4.52 for perfluorobutanesulfonic acid and 3.76 for perfluorooctanoic acid) and PFAA adsorption comparable to unmodified biochar in ultrapure water (0.043 and 0.039 mg PFAA/g*g/m2, respectively). Adsorption by BC-M@MIP-V increased by 0.012 mg PFAA/g*g/m2 in synthetic wastewater due to reduced MIP swelling and non-specific binding. Single-cycle regeneration of the BC@MIP composites suggest that long material lifetimes are possible. These novel, selective adsorbents present a potential alternative for effective wastewater PFAA treatment.
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