Recent Advances in Electrochemiluminescence Biosensors for MicroRNA Detection

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) as an analytical technology with a perfect combination of electrochemistry and spectroscopy has received considerable attention in bioanalysis due to its high sensitivity and broad dynamic range. Given the selectivity of bio-recognition elements and the high sensitivity of the ECL analysis technique, ECL biosensors are powerful platforms for the sensitive detection of biomarkers, achieving the accurate prognosis and diagnosis of diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial biomarkers involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, whose aberrant expression is often related to serious diseases, especially cancers. ECL biosensors can fulfill the highly sensitive and selective requirements for accurate miRNA detection, prompting this review. The ECL mechanisms are initially introduced and subsequently categorize the ECL biosensors for miRNA detection in terms of the quenching agents. Furthermore, the work highlights the signal amplification strategies for enhancing ECL signal to improve the sensitivity of miRNA detection and finally concludes by looking at the challenges and opportunities in ECL biosensors for miRNA detection.