光激发
电化学
光催化
化学能
化学键
光化学
杂原子
催化作用
反应性(心理学)
表面改性
化学
基质(水族馆)
纳米技术
化学反应
光催化
材料科学
组合化学
有机化学
物理化学
电极
激发态
物理
病理
核物理学
地质学
替代医学
海洋学
医学
戒指(化学)
作者
Xianhai Tian,Yuliang Liu,Shahboz Yakubov,J. Harm P. Schutte,Shunsuke Chiba,Joshua P. Barham
摘要
The employment of light and/or electricity - alternatively to conventional thermal energy - unlocks new reactivity paradigms as tools for chemical substrate activations. This leads to the development of new synthetic reactions and a vast expansion of chemical spaces. This review summarizes recent developments in photo- and/or electrochemical activation strategies for the functionalization of strong bonds - particularly carbon-heteroatom (C-X) bonds - via: (1) direct photoexcitation by high energy UV light; (2) activation via photoredox catalysis under irradiation with relatively lower energy UVA or blue light; (3) electrochemical reduction; (4) combination of photocatalysis and electrochemistry. Based on the types of the targeted C-X bonds, various transformations ranging from hydrodefunctionalization to cross-coupling are covered with detailed discussions of their reaction mechanisms.
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