Frustrated defect pairs of oxygen vacancies and doped nitrogen in amorphous titanium dioxide for enhanced photodegradation of tetracycline

The conduction band electrons and oxygen vacancy defects in amorphous TiO 2 form dual electronic supply channels for improving the multi-path generation of ˙O 2 − , and the dual active species ˙O 2 − and h + achieve deep photodegradation of tetracycline.