The Effect of Positive Experiences of Caregiving on Post-Loss Depressive Symptoms and Prolonged Grief Symptoms Among Family Caregivers

While family caregiving can be a rewarding experience, caregivers can be predisposed to greater post-loss psychological distress. This study examined the effect of positive experiences of caregiving on post-loss depressive symptoms and prolonged grief symptoms among bereaved caregivers of older adults. It also tested for the moderating effect of positive experiences of caregiving on the relationship of pre-loss depressive symptoms with both post-loss outcomes. Data were collected from 42 caregivers interviewed before and after the death of the older care recipients, using measures for depressive symptoms, prolonged grief disorder (post-loss), and positive experiences of caregiving (pre-loss). Multivariable linear regression indicated that more positive experiences of caregiving were associated with higher post-loss depressive symptoms and prolonged grief symptoms. More positive experiences of caregiving also strengthened the detrimental association of pre-loss depressive symptoms with prolonged grief symptoms. Caregivers with more positive experiences of caregiving may be vulnerable to elevated post-loss psychological distress. Healthcare providers and social workers should not assume that caregivers with positive experiences are coping well with bereavement and ensure that they receive adequate mental health support.