The palygorskite was purified and modified,and the influence of several modified palygorskites on NBR compound was investigated.The results showed that the purity of the purified palygorskite reached 93%,but its average particle size was only 0.92 μm;the better effectiveness was obtained for the palygorskite modified with coupling agent silane KH-560;the physical properties for the NBR compound filled with modified palygorskite improved generally when compared to those filled with unmodified palygorskite;and the modified palygorskite could be used in NBR compound instead of black N330,but its price was 75%~80% lower than that of the latter.