Lactucopicrin promotes the autophagic degradation of MAP2K4/MKK4 by mediating CCDC50 palmitoylation to alleviate osteoarthritis progression

hydrogen peroxide; LCP: lactucopicrin; IL6: interleukin 6; MAPK/JNK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; MAP2K4/MKK4: mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4; MMP13: matrix metallopeptidase 13; OA: osteoarthritis; p-MAPK/JNK: phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase; SASP: senescence-associated secretory phenotype; SA-GLB1/β-gal: senescence-associated galactosidase, beta 1; ZDHHC: zinc finger, DHHC domain containing.