Improved estimation of net ecosystem CO2 exchange over North America using LSTM-based flux upscaling (2001–2021)

Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks show great potential in improving regional carbon budget upscaling estimations. Using LSTM, we upscale regional net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) with available flux tower measurements and satellite land surface observations in North America. With well-established ecosystem-specific LSTMs, we produced monthly NEE at a spatial resolution of 0.1° × 0.1° over 2001–2021 (labelled as MemoryFlux). Here, we share both the dataset and the code for generating it with the public.