作者
Geoffrey L. Uy,Ibrahim Aldoss,Matthew C. Foster,Peter H. Sayre,Matthew J. Wieduwilt,Anjali S. Advani,John Godwin,Martha Arellano,Kendra Sweet,Ashkan Emadi,Farhad Ravandi,Harry P. Erba,Michael Byrne,Laura C. Michaelis,Max S. Topp,Norbert Vey,Fabio Ciceri,Matteo Giovanni Carrabba,Stefania Paolini,Gerwin Huls,Mojca Jongen‐Lavrencic,Martin Wermke,Patrice Chevallier,Emmanuel Gyan,Christian Récher,Patrick J. Stiff,Kristen Pettit,Bob Löwenberg,S. Church,Erica Anderson,Jayakumar Vadakekolathu,Marianne Santaguida,Michael P. Rettig,John Muth,Teia Curtis,Erin Fehr,Kuo Guo,Zhao Jin-yuan,Ouiam Bakkacha,Kenneth Jacobs,Kathy Tran,Patrick Kaminker,Maya Kostova,Ezio Bonvini,Roland B. Walter,Jan Davidson-Moncada,Sergio Rutella,John F. DiPersio
摘要
Approximately 50% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients do not respond to induction therapy (primary induction failure [PIF]) or relapse after <6 months (early relapse [ER]). We have recently shown an association between an immune-infiltrated tumor microenvironment (TME) and resistance to cytarabine-based chemotherapy but responsiveness to flotetuzumab, a bispecific DART antibody-based molecule to CD3ε and CD123. This paper reports the results of a multicenter, open-label, phase 1/2 study of flotetuzumab in 88 adults with relapsed/refractory AML: 42 in a dose-finding segment and 46 at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of 500 ng/kg per day. The most frequent adverse events were infusion-related reactions (IRRs)/cytokine release syndrome (CRS), largely grade 1-2. Stepwise dosing during week 1, pretreatment dexamethasone, prompt use of tocilizumab, and temporary dose reductions/interruptions successfully prevented severe IRR/CRS. Clinical benefit accrued to PIF/ER patients showing an immune-infiltrated TME. Among 30 PIF/ER patients treated at the RP2D, the complete remission (CR)/CR with partial hematological recovery (CRh) rate was 26.7%, with an overall response rate (CR/CRh/CR with incomplete hematological recovery) of 30.0%. In PIF/ER patients who achieved CR/CRh, median overall survival was 10.2 months (range, 1.87-27.27), with 6- and 12-month survival rates of 75% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.450-1.05) and 50% (95% CI, 0.154-0.846). Bone marrow transcriptomic analysis showed that a parsimonious 10-gene signature predicted CRs to flotetuzumab (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.904 vs 0.672 for the European LeukemiaNet classifier). Flotetuzumab represents an innovative experimental approach associated with acceptable safety and encouraging evidence of activity in PIF/ER patients. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT02152956.