IoT-based agriculture management techniques for sustainable farming: A comprehensive review

The sustainable development goals (SDGs) of the United Nations seek to promote an agriculture sector that can lead change on both a local and global scale. By helping farmers to produce more food sustainably, Internet of Things (IoT)-based agriculture management solutions are significantly contributing to the achievement of these SDGs. By 2050, the world's population is expected to reach 9.7 billion, necessitating a 60% increase in food production efficiency and security in order to meet the growing population's demands. Smart farming powered by the IoT and utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms is becoming a viable and sustainable method for increasing agricultural productivity and reducing environmental impact. The newest research and development initiatives in IoT-based smart farming are summarized in this comprehensive review article, along with how they might change the agricultural sector. The study gives a general overview of the machine abilities that smart farming is supported by, including perception, reasoning and learning, communication, task planning and execution, and systems integration. The use of robots and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in diverse agricultural contexts is also demonstrated in the paper, indicating the potential for improved productivity and diminished environmental effect. The report concludes by highlighting the significance of utilizing wireless communication LoraWan technology in the creation of smart systems that can further enable sustainable agriculture management.