Decision Making on Preservation Efforts of Agricultural Products Considering Sales Period under Different Supply Chain Structures

This study focuses on the fresh agricultural product supply chain composed of suppliers and sellers, considering both parties' efforts in preserving freshness and the sales period of agricultural products, as well as the impact of freshness decline on market demand.A decision model for different supply chain structures under Stackelberg game theory is constructed, and the differences in preservation effort level and supply chain profit between centralized and decentralized decision-making modes are systematically analyzed.Research has shown that centralized decision-making significantly improves the overall profit and product freshness of the supply chain by synergistically optimizing the preservation investment and pricing of suppliers and sellers, while decentralized decision-making leads to insufficient preservation efforts and efficiency losses due to dual marginal effects.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the design of preservation strategies in the supply chain of fresh agricultural products, and provide practical insights for reducing losses and improving the sustainability of the supply chain.