Overview: The Status of Biocatalysis at the Turn of the 21st Century State of Acceptance of Biocatalysis Current Advantages and Drawbacks of Biocatalysis Characteristics of Biocatalysis as a Technology Contributing Disciplines and Areas of Application Characteristics of Biocatalytic Transformations Applications of Biocatalysis in Industry Current Penetration of Biocatalysis The Past: Historical Digest of Enzyme Catalysis The Present: Status of Biocatalytic Processes The Breadth of Biocatalysis Nomenclature of Enzymes Biocatalysis and Organic Chemistry, or “Do we Need to Forget our Organic Chemistry?”