Advances in the Treatment and Outcome of Brainstem Cavernous Malformation Surgery: A Single-Center Case Series of 300 Surgically Treated Patients

Although BSCM surgery has significant associated risks, including perioperative complications, new neurological deficits, and death, most patients have favorable outcomes. Overall, surgery markedly improved the risk of rehemorrhage and related symptoms and should be considered in patients with accessible lesions.