Diagnostic X-ray Shielding Design Based on an Empirical Model of Photon Attenuation

A series of nomograms that simplify determination of diagnostic X-ray shielding requirements with lead are presented. All recommendations of the NCRP, except that to "add one half value layer" in determining secondary barriers, were followed in the production of these curves. For secondary barriers, the shielding required to reduce the weekly exposure to the applicable MPD has been determined. This eliminates the over-shielding inherent in the "add one HVL" approximation and allows a variety of more cost effective materials to be considered for secondary barriers.