Objective To identify the serum specific protein in longevous population from Bama. Methods Sixty-two longevous individuals from longevity region in Bama and 41 individuals from non-longevity region in Bama were recruited.SELDI-TOF-MS was used to determine the serum proteins.The specific protein was identified by 1DE-LC-MS.The levels of HDL-C and TG were detected in 257 longevous individuals and 123 residents.Results Within 25 proteins which were different in expression between longevity group and control group,the protein 5336.81 Da was possibly the enzymolytic fragment of apo C-Ⅱwhich was closely related to blood lipid metabolism. The level of HDL-C in longevity group was higher than that in control group.Conclusions There was different serum protein profile between longevity group and control group.The high expression of apoC-Ⅱin longevous population may partly explain why they have less incidences of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.