材料科学
纳米复合材料
聚合物
复合材料
甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯
纳米颗粒
甲基丙烯酸酯
粒子(生态学)
聚合物纳米复合材料
共价键
复合数
填料(材料)
共聚物
纳米技术
物理
地质学
海洋学
量子力学
作者
Joshua M. Kubiak,Robert J. Macfarlane
标识
DOI:10.1002/adfm.201905168
摘要
Abstract Filler aggregation in polymer matrix nanocomposites leads to inhomogeneity in particle distribution and deterioration of mechanical properties. The use of polymer‐grafted nanoparticles (PGNPs) with polymers directly attached to the particle surfaces precludes aggregation of the filler. However, solids composed of PGNPs are mechanically weak unless the grafted chains are long enough to form entanglements between particles, and requiring long grafts limits the achievable filler density of the nanocomposite. In this work, long, entangled grafts are replaced with short reactive polymers that form covalent crosslinks between particles. Crosslinkable PGNPs, referred to as XNPs, can be easily processed from solution and subsequently cured to yield a highly filled yet mechanically robust composite. In this specific instance, silica nanoparticles are grafted with poly(glycidyl methacrylate), cast into films, and crosslinked with multifunctional amines at elevated temperatures. Indentation and scratch experiments show significant enhancement of hardness, modulus, and scratch resistance compared to non‐crosslinked PGNPs and to crosslinked polymer films without nanoparticle reinforcement. Loadings of up to 57 wt% are achieved while yielding uniform films that deform locally in a predominantly elastic manner. XNPs therefore potentially allow for the formulation of robust nanocomposites with a high level of functionality imparted by the selected filler particles.
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