Prevalence of hypertension in cold and non-cold area of China: a Meta-analysis

Objective Comprehensive evaluated the characteristics and differences of prevalence of hypertension in cold and non- cold areas, to provide evidence- based prevention strategies for establishment and perfection hypertension prevention and control suitable for China's national conditions in cold area. Methods Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning), Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Tibet and Xinjiang were classified as cold area, and the rest were non-cold area. Use hypertension as a search term, literatures on the prevalence of hypertension were retrieved in WanFang Data, CqVip, CNKI, SinoMed and Pubmed database from January 1 1995 to May 1 2017, then the relevant data were screened and extracted. Heterogeneity was estimated and corresponding effect model was selected. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot, Egger test and Begg test. Comprehensive meta-analysis V2 was used for Meta analysis, stratified analysis of age, gender, province and region was did. Results In China, the pooled prevalence of hypertension was 27.00%. The pooled awareness rate of hypertension was 50.80%, the pooled treatment rate of hypertension was 40.40%, and the pooled control rate was 6.80%. The pooled prevalence in cold area was 29.70% and 26.30% in non-cold area, respectively, the difference of prevalence between cold and non-cold areas was significant (P < 0.05). After the stratified analysis of age and gender, the pooled prevalence in men and women in cold area had a increased trend than that in non-cold area; the pooled prevalence in < 30, 40-, 50-, and 60- < 70 years old groups in cold area was higher than that in non-cold area. The pooled prevalence was the highest in Tibet (40.70%) and north and northeast China area (30.40%, 29.20%), and the lowest in Hainan (16.70%) and southern China area (20.70%). Conclusions In China, the pooled prevalence of hypertension is 27.00%, which is higher in cold area than non-cold area. The pooled prevalence is the highest in Tibet and north and northeast China, and the lowest in Hainan and Southern China. Key words: Hypertension; Prevalence; Meta analysis; Cold area