分散剂
海藻糖
生物降解
色散(光学)
石油泄漏
化学
环境友好型
石油
制浆造纸工业
化学工程
环境科学
有机化学
环境工程
生物
物理
光学
工程类
生态学
作者
Qinhong Cai,Zhiwen Zhu,Bing Chen,Kenneth Lee,Timothy Nedwed,Charles W. Greer,Baiyu Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126122
摘要
Biosurfactant-based dispersants (BBDs) may be more effective, cost-efficient and environmentally friendly than dispersants currently used for oil spill response. An improved understanding of BBD performance is needed to advance their development and commercial use. In this study, the ability of four BBDs, i.e. sufactins, trehalose lipids, rhamnolipids and exmulsins, alone and as various combinations to disperse Arabian light crude oil and weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil was compared to a widely used commercial oil dispersant (Corexit 9500A). Surfactin and trehalose lipids, which have balanced surface activity/emulsification ability, showed dispersion efficacy comparable to Corexit 9500A. Rhamnolipids (primarily a surface-active agent) and exmulsins (primarily an emulsifier) when used alone had significantly lower efficacy. However, blends of these surfactants had excellent dispersion performance because of synergistic effects. Balanced surface activity and emulsification ability may be key to formulate effective BBDs. Of the BBDs evaluated, surfactins with an effective dispersant-to-oil ratio as low as 1:62.3 and trehalose lipids with high oil affinity, biodegradation rate, and low toxicity characteristics show the most promise for commercial development.
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