Impact of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation

Several studies have shown that nutritional indexes are associated with cardiovascular events; however, limited studies have investigated the prognostic value of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). We aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of GNRI in patients undergoing TAVI. This single-center retrospective study analyzed consecutive patients treated with TAVI, stratified into groups according to their median baseline GNRI. The primary endpoint was 2-year all-cause mortality. In total, 968 patients with a mean age of 82.1 years and a median Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) score of 4.8% who underwent TAVI were included. The median GNRI was 103. Compared with the high-GNRI group (GNRI≥103, n = 451), the low-GNRI group (GNRI<103, n = 517) had higher STS scores and renal insufficiency rates. The 2-year all-cause mortality was significantly higher in the low-GNRI group than in the high-GNRI group (24.9% vs. 9.3%, p<0.001), despite no significant differences in procedural and clinical outcomes between the groups. On multivariable analysis, lower GNRI was independently associated with higher 2-year all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.07; 95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.10; p<0.001). The GNRI retained its predictive value in subgroup analyses stratified by age (>75 vs. ≤75 years) and STS score (≥4 vs. <4). In conclusion, The GNRI is an important surrogate marker for predicting prognosis and mortality in patients undergoing TAVI.