化学
电解质
氧化物
过渡金属
无定形固体
金属
电极
润湿
化学工程
阳极
纳米技术
材料科学
工程类
物理化学
催化作用
有机化学
生物化学
作者
Wei Luo,Yunhui Gong,Yizhou Zhu,Kun Fu,Jiaqi Dai,Steven D. Lacey,Chengwei Wang,Boyang Liu,Xiaogang Han,Yifei Mo,Eric D. Wachsman,Liangbing Hu
摘要
All-solid-state Li-batteries using solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) offer enhanced safety over conventional Li-ion batteries with organic liquid electrolytes due to the nonflammable nature of SSEs. The superior mechanical strength of SSEs can also protect against Li dendrite penetration, which enables the use of the highest specific capacity (3861 mAh/g) and lowest redox potential (-3.04 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) anode: Li metal. However, contact between the Li metal and SSEs presents a major challenge, where a large polarization occurs at the Li metal/SSE interface. Here, the chemical properties of a promising oxide-based SSE (garnet) changed from "super-lithiophobicity" to "super-lithiophilicity" through an ultrathin coating of amorphous Si deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). The wettability transition is due to the reaction between Li and Si and the in situ formation of lithiated Si. As a result, symmetric cells composed of a Si-coated garnet-structured SSE and Li metal electrodes exhibited much smaller impedance and excellent stability upon plating/stripping cycles compared to cells using bare garnet SSE. Specifically, the interfacial resistance between Li and garnet dramatically decreased from 925 to 127 Ω cm(2) when lithiated Si was formed on the garnet. Our discovery of switchable lithiophobic-lithiophilic surfaces to improve the Li metal/SSE interface opens opportunities for improving many other SSEs.
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