Enhancement effect of rhBMP-2 on mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits

Objective: To study the enhancement effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits. Methods: An animal model of bilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits was established. RhBMP-2 adhering to absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) was implanted to the right side of the mandible, while the left side was implanted with ACS as control. Animals were sacrified at the end of the 3rd and 5th weeks of the consolidation period. Radiographs were taken and tissue of the distraction gap was cut and examined by histology methods. Results: The rate of the new bone formation and the density of the rebirth bone trabeculae of the side treated by rhBMP-2 were superior to those of the control side. Conclusion: The rate and quality of new bone formation can be enhanced by local application of rhBMP-2, and mandible distraction osteogenesis can be promoted as well.