Objective:To observe effects of LPS on cardiomyocyte damage and the expression of HIF-1α.Method:After the primary culture of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated withby LPS,as indexes of cardiomyocyte damage,survival rate,LDH leakge rate,trypanblau uptake rate and CK activity were measured.The expression of HIF-1α was assessed using Western blot.Result:LPS can could increase LDH leakge rate,trypanblau uptake rate and CK activity;depress survival rate.At the same time,LPS can could change the expression of HIF-1α.Conclusion:LPS can could induce cardiomyocyte damage and enhance the expression of HIF-1α,and the significance of HIF-1α needs further research.