[Objective]The research aimed to measure the anaerobic biodegradability of yeast wastewater and discuss the removal efficiency of organic matter of different molecular weight through anaerobic treatment.[Method]Normal serum bottles cultivate method and UV254 spectrophotometric method were adopted.[Result]COD removal rate reached 78.4%,and BD reached 80.6% through anaerobic degradation,which indicated that the anaerobic biological method could achieve good results in dealing with yeast wastewater.The removal rates of organic matter corresponding to the molecular weight of 0-1,1-3,3-10,10-30,30 k were 85.9%,71.4%,56.7%,83.5% and 68.6% after anaerobic degradation.[Conclusion]Protein of macromolecule and caramel color were mainly refractory materials in yeast wastewater.